Review: Rice Blast Disease
Annual Research & Review in Biology,
Page 50-64
DOI:
10.9734/arrb/2020/v35i130180
Abstract
Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea is the major damaging disease in nearly all rice growing nations. Economically relevance with 60 percent of total population of world depending on rice as the main source of calories, may have destructive effects of the disease, however, this pathogen has developed into a pioneering model system for researching host-pathogen interactions. The disease outbreak depends on the weather and climatic conditions of the various regions. The disease's occurrence and symptoms vary from country to country. Susceptible cultivars cause huge rice production loss in yield. The principal cause of resistance breakdown in rice against rice blast disease is pathogenic variability. During sexual hybridization, pathogenic changes may provide evidence of pathogenic variation found at the asexual stage of the fungus. The virulent pathotypes cause severe disease incidence. Only through pathogenicity research the pathotypes can be determined using a collection of different rice varieties that are usually different carrying various resistance genes. Rice breeders now have a number of resistant genes however, most of the breeding programs emphasized upon monogenic resistance. Genetic heterogeneity of M. grisea should be taken into account when screening blast resistant rice genotypes through morphological analysis, pathogenicity and molecular characterization. Knowledge on the virulence of the rice blast and host resistant is essential for managing the disease. Cultivation of resistant varieties with chemical control is highly effective against blast pathogens.
Keywords:
- Oryza sativa L
- Magnaporthe grisea
- morphology
- cultural characters
- molecular characterization
- pathogenicity.
How to Cite
Shahriar, S. A., Imtiaz, A. A., Hossain, M. B., Husna, A., & Eaty, M. N. K. (2020). Review: Rice Blast Disease. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 35(1), 50-64. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2020/v35i130180
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Zhu YY, Fang H, Wang YY, Fan JX, Yang SS, Mew TW, Mundt CC. Panicle blast and canopy moisture in rice cultivar mixtures. Phytopathol. 2005;95:433-436.
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Chadha S, Gopalakrishna, T. Genetic diversity of Indian isolates of rice blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) using molecular markers. Curr. Sci. 2005;88: 1466-1469.
Liu YF, Chen ZY, Hu M, Lian L, Liu YZ. Distribution of Magnaporthe grisea population and virulence of predominant race in Jiangsu Province, China. Rice Science. 2004;11(3):324-330.
Bonman JM. Durable resistance to rice blast disease-environmental influences. Euphytica. 1992;63(1-2):115-123.
Haq IM, Adnan MF, Jamil FF, Rehman A. Screening of rice germplasm against Magnaporthe oryzae and evaluation of various fungi toxicants for control of disease. Pak. J. Phytopathol. 2002;14:32-35.
Sharma TR, Chauhan RS, Singh BM, Sagar V, Paul R, Rathour R. RAPD and virulence analysis of Magnaporthe grisea rice populations from northwestern Himalayan region of India. J. Phytopathol. 2002;150:649-656.
Silva GB, Prabhu AS, Filippi MCC, Trindade MG, Araujo LG, Zambolim L. Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae from leaves and panicles of rice in commercial fields in the State of Goias, Brazil. Tropic Plant Pathol. 2009;34(2):71-76.
Yang H, Yang XH, Lu CM, Wang YY. The correlation analysis between blast resistance and genetic diversity of 39 Yunnan glutinous rice varieties. J. Yunnan Agril. University. 2011;26(1):1-5.
Silue D, Notteghem J. Resistance of Oryza glaberrima varieties to blast. Int. Rice Res. News. 1991;16:13-14.
Seebold KW, Datnof JLE, Correa-Victoria FJ, Kucharek TA, Snyder GH. Effects of Silicon and fungicides on the control of leaf and neck blast in upland rice. Plant Disease. 2004;88:253-258.
Jabeen R, Iftikhar T, Batool H. Isolation, characterization, preservation and pathogenicity test of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causing BLB disease in rice. Pak. J. Bot. 2012;44(1):261-265.
Kumar A, Singh RA. In vitro evaluation of fungicides against Magnaporthe oryzae isolated from rice, finger millet and pearl millet. Ind. Phytopathol. 1995;48:167-188.
Ram B, Sundar M, Hira S, Manandhar K, Gopal BKC. Study on differential response of Pyricularia grisea isolates from rice, finger millet and Panicum sp. with Local and Alien Media, and Their Host Range. Nepal J. Sci and Tech. 2012;13(2):7-14.
Jamaluddin H, Lodhi AM, Pathan MA, Khanzada MA, Shah GS. In-vitro evaluation of fungicides, plant extracts and bio-control agents against rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae Couch. Pak J. Botany. 2012;44(5):1775-1778.
Chandrasekhara MV, Gururaj S, Naik MK, Nagaraju P. Screening of rice genotypes against rice blast cuased by Pyriclaria oryzae Cavara. Karnatak J. Agril. Sci. 2008;21(2):305.
Manandhar HK, Jorgensen HJL, Jorgensen SB, Petersen VS. Seed-borne infection of rice by Magnaporthe orzae and its transmission to seedlings. Plant Disease. 1998;82(10):1094-1099.
Takan JP, Akello B, Esele P, Manyasa EO, Obilana AB, Audi PO. Finger millet blast pathogen diversity and management in East Africa: A summary of project activities and outputs. Int. Sorghum and Millets Newsletter. 2004;45:66-69.
Zeigler RS, Leong SA, Teng P. Rice blast disease: International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines; 1994.
Chiba K, Tominaga T, Urakawa F. Occurrence and control of rice blast disease in northern region of Iwate Prefecture in 1995. Annual Report of the Society of Plant Protection of North Japan. 1996;47:8-10.
Heaton JB. Rice blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav) of the Northern Territory. The Aus J. Sci. 1964;27(81).
Ou SH, Nuque FL. Rice Diseases, second ed. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew and Surrey, UK; 1985.
Pena FA, Perez LM, Cruz CMV, Ardales EY. Occurrence of rice blast fungus, Pyricularia grisea in the Philippines. JIRCAS Working Report. 2007;53:65-70.
Prabhu AS, Filippi MC, Zimmermann FJP. Cultivar response to fungicide application in relation to rice blast control, productivity and sustainability. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. 2003;38:11-17.
Reddy APK, Bonman JM. Recent epidemics of rice blast in India and Egypt. Plant Disease. 1987;71:850.
Senadhira D, Dhanapala MP, Sandanayake CA. Progress of rice varietal improvement in the dry and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the Rice Symposium, 1980. Dept. of Agriculture, Sri Lanka; 1980.
Sotodate K, Hirano M, Ichimori T, Hirano Y. Occurrence and control of rice blast disease in Iwate Prefecture in 1990. Ann. Report of the Society of Plant Protect. of North Japan. 1991;42:8-10.
Stahl W. Report of the plant diseases conference, Hawkesbury Agricultural College, NSW. 1955;296-308.
You MP, Lanoiselet V, Wang CP, Shivas RG, Li YP, Barbetti MJ. First report of rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) on rice (Oryza sativa) in Western Australia. Plant Disease. 2012;96(8):1228.
Padmanabhan SY. Studies on forecasting outbreaks of blast disease of rice. Central Rice Research Institute. 1965;117-129.
Baker B, Zambryski P, Staskawicz B, Dinesh Kumar SP. Signaling in plant microbe interactions. Science. 1997;276: 726-733.
Kato H. Rice blast disease. Pesticide Outlook February. 2001;23-25.
Singh G, Prasad CS. Evaluation of fungicides against blast in Basmati rice. Ann. Plant Protect. Sci. 2007;15(2):514-515.
Suprapta DN, Khalimi K. Potential of microbial antagonists as biocontrol agents against plant fungal pathogens. J. Int. Society of Southeast Asian Agril. Sci. 2012;18(2):1-8.
Sobrizal S, Anggiani S. Rice blast disease in Indonesia. In: JIRCAS (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan) Working Report No. 2007;53:71-79.
Kapoor P, Abhishek K. Past, present and future of rice blast management; 2014.
Nutsugah SK, Twumasi JK, Chipili J, Sere D, Sreenivasaprasad H. Diversity of the blast pathogen populations in Ghana and strategies for resistance management. Plant Pathol. J. 2008;7(1):109-113.
Twumasi JK, Adu-Tutu KO. Weeds and fungal diseases of rice in selected in-land valleys in Ghana. Proceedings of the Annual WARDA IPM Task Force Meeting, March 15-17, 1995. Monrovia, Liberia; 1995.
Twumasi JK. Country Report from Ghana in workshop on rice crop protection in Africa. December 8-10, 1998, NRI, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK; 1998.
Boumas G. Rice grain handling and storage. Elsevier Science Publishers. 1985;2:9-10.
Shafaullah K, Khan MA, Khan NA, Ysir M. Effect of epidemiological factors on the incidence of paddy blast (Pyricularia oryzae) disease. Pak. J. Phytopathol. 2011;23(2):108-111.
Shahijahandar M, Hussain S, Nabi GH, Masood M. Prevalence and distribution of blast disease (Magnaporthe oryzae) on different components of rice plants in paddy growing areas of the Kashmir Valley. Int. J. Pharma and Biosci. 2010;1-4.
Puri KD, Shrestha SM, Joshi KD, Chhetri GKB. Reaction of different rice lines against leaf and neck blast under field condition of Chaitwan Valley. J. Ins. Agril. and Animal Sci. 2006;27:37-44.
Kapoor AS, Sood GK. Efficacy of new fungicides in the management of rice blast. Plant Disease Res. 1997;12:140-142.
Ramappa HK, Ravishankar CR, Prakash P. Estimation of yield loss and management of blast in finger millet (ragi). Proceedings of Asian Congress of Mycology and Plant Pathology. 1-4 Oct 2002, University of Mysore, Mysore, India. 2002;195.
Castilla N, Savary S, Veracruz CM, Leung H. Rice Blast: Rice Fact Sheets. International Rice Research Institute. 2009;1-3.
Chevalier M, Yespinasse Y, Renautin S. A microscopic study of the different classes of symptoms coded by the Vf gene in apple for resistance scab (Venturia inaequalis), Plant Pathol. 1991;40:249-256.
Peterson LG. Tricyclazole for control of Pyricularia oryzae on rice: The relationship of the mode of action and disease occurrence and development. Pest management in rice conference held by the Society of Chemical Industry, London, UK. 1990;122-130.
Padmanabhan SY. Fungal Diseases of Rice in India. 1st Ed. Indian Council of Agriculture Resarch, New Delhi.1974;15.
Ram T, Majumder TND, Mishra B, Ansari MM, Padmavathi G. Introduction of broad spectrum blast resistance genes into cultivated rice (Oryza sativa sp. indica) from wild rice Oryza rufipogon. Curr. Sci. 2007;92(2):225-230.
Hajimo K. Rice Blast Disease. Pesticide Outlook. 2001;23-25.
Ramesh SB. Studies on management of rice blast through host plant resistance and fungicides. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Plant Pathology. Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India; 2015.
Bastiaans L. Ratio between virtual and visual lesion size as a measure to describe reduction in leaf photosynthesis of rice due to leaf blast. Phytopathol. 1991;81:611-615.
TeBeest DO, Guerber C, Ditmore M. Rice blast. The Plant Health Instructor; 2007.
[Reviewed 2012]
Agrios GN. Plant pathology. Fifth Edition, Elsevier Academic Press. 2006;398-400.
Skamnioti P, Gurr SJ. Against the grain: Safeguarding rice from rice blast disease. Trends in Biotech. 2009;27(3):141-150.
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