Doxorubicin-Induced Cardio Toxicity in Albino Rats Protected by Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Leaf Extract
-
Akintola Adebola Olayemi
- Kehinde Busuyi David
- Saka Waheed Adeoye
- Oyewande Esther Ajoke
- Ayandiran Tolulope Akinpelu
- Ogundiran Mathew Akinloye
Annual Research & Review in Biology,
Page 12-22
DOI:
10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i730395
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the world's leading cause of death, killing 17 to 19 million people each year. The usage of traditional drugs was influenced by the need for effective medications for the treatment of cardiovascular disease without side effects. The current study investigated the cardio-protective effects of Adansonia digitata leaf extract on doxorubicin-mediated cardiotoxicity in laboratory rats. Thirty-five albino rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of seven rats. Group 1 was given filtered water as a control, while Group 2 was given saline and doxorubicin, Group 3 received doxorubicin and Vitamin E, and Groups IV and V were myocardial oxidative animals treated with Adansonia digitata leaf extract (150 and 300 mg/kg/wt) for two weeks. After the rats were sacrificed, their hearts were collected and homogenized for biochemical assays. The results on the activities of creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate amino transferase (AST), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde were determined. Histopathology examination was used in addition to assays to validate myocardial damage. In comparison to the control group, rats provided doxorubicin showed a significant increase in the activities of cardiac marker enzymes (CK, LDH, and AST), as well as a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration with a concomitant decrease in antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and NOS), implying cardiotoxicity. In rats with doxorubicin-induced myocardial infection, pretreatment with Adansonia digitata leaf extract reduced myocardial damage, these biochemical results were confirmed by histopathology. Finally, the new study demonstrates that Adansonia digitata has cardioprotective properties.
Keywords:
- Cardiovascular disease
- Adansonia digitata
- doxorubicin
- cardiotoxicity
- leaf extract
How to Cite
Olayemi, A. A., David, K. B., Adeoye, S. W., Ajoke, O. E., Akinpelu, A. T., & Akinloye, O. M. (2021). Doxorubicin-Induced Cardio Toxicity in Albino Rats Protected by Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Leaf Extract. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 36(7), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i730395
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Jensen BV, Skovsgaard T, Nielsen L. Functional monitoring of anthracylinecardiotoxicity; a prospective, blinded, long term observational study of outcome in 120 patients. Ann. Oncol. 2002;13:699-709.
Althaf Hussain Shaik SN, Rasool A, Vikram Kumar Reddy M, Abdulkareem G. Saaji Krushna K, Lakshmi Devi. Cardioprotective effect of HPLC standardized ethanolic extract of Terminaliapallida fruits against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2012;14:23-40.
Mukesh Nandare, Shreesh Kumar Ojha, Santosh Kumari, Tapas Chandra Nag, Ray Mehra, Rajiv Narang, Dharamvir Singh Arya. Cardioprotective effect of root extract of Picrorhizakurroa (Royle Ex Benth) against isoproterenol - induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2013;51:694-701
Priya Saxena, Dharamveer Panjwomi. Cardioprotective potential of hydro-alcoholic fruit extract of Ananascosmosus against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Winstar Albino rats. Journal of Acute Disease. 2014;228-234.
Salim AS, Simons AJ, Orwa C, Chege B, Mutua A. Adansonia digitata. Agroforestree database a tree species reference and selection guide. International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi; 2012.
Yazzie D, Vanderjagt DJ, Pastuszyn A, Okolo A, Glew RH. The amino acid and mineral content of Baobab (Adansoniadigitata L.) leaves. Journal of Food Compost Anal. 1994;7:189- 193.
Sidibe M, Williams JT. Baobab (Adansonia digitata). International Centre for under- utilized Crops, Southampton; 2002.
DeCaluwe E, Halamova K, Van Damme P. Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) a review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. RH Juhani JE Simon CT Ho (Eds). African natural plant productse: new discoveries and challenges in chemistry and quality. American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. 2009;51-84.
Chadare FJ, Linnermann AR, Hounhouigan JD, Nout MJ, Van Boekel MA. Baobab food products’. A review on their composition and nutritional value. Crit Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2009;49:254-274.
Chadare FJ. Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) foods from Benin composition, processing and quality, Wageningen University,Wageningen; 2010.
Diop PA, Franck D, Grimm P, Hasselimann C. High performance liquid chromatographic determination of Vitamin C in fresh fruits from West Africa. J. Food Compost. Ana. 1988;1:265-269.
Eromosele IC, Eromosele CD, Kuzhkuzha DM. Evaluation of mineral elements and ascorbic acid contents in fruits of some wild plants. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 1991;41:151-154.
Odetokun SM. The nutritive value of baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata). RivistaItalianadelle Sostance Grasse. 1996;73:337-371.
Mona AMG, Amal IH, Mand GM, Mohsen SA. Protective effect of Adansonia digitata against isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats. Animal Biotechnology. 2016;27(2):84-95.
Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG. The medicinal and poisnous plants of Southern and Eastern Africa (2nded.), E &S. Livingstone Ltd, Edinburgh and London; 1962.
Van Wyk BE, Gericke N. Peoples plants: a guide to useful plants of Southern Africa (1sted.)Briza Publications, Pretoria; 2000.
Brendler T, Gruenwald J, Jaenicke C. Herbal remedies. (CD-ROM).Medpharm GmbH Scientific Publishers, Stuttgart; 2003.
Tapsoba H, Deschamps JP. Use of medicinal plants for the treatment of oral diseases in Burkina Faso. J. Ethnopharmacology. 2006;104:68-78.
Wickens GE, Lowe P. The baobabs; pachycauls of Africa, Madagascar and Australia, Springer, Berlin; 2008.
Nguta JM, Mbarca JM, Gakuya DM, Gathumbi PK, Kama SG. Antimalarial herbal remedies of Msambweni. Kenya J. Ethropharmacology. 2010;128;424-432.
Wurzburg U, Hennrich N, Lang H, Prellwitz W, Neumeier D, Kendel M. Determination of creatinine kinase - MB in serum using inhibition antibodies. Klin. Wochenschr. 1976;54(8):357-360.
Szasz G, Gerhard W, Gruber W. Creatinine kinase in serum; 5. Effect of trial on isoenzymeactivity during storage at various temperatures. Clin.Chem. 1978;24(9):1557-1563.
Rietman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum GOT and GPT. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1957;28:56-63.
Ochei J, Kolhatkar A. Medical Laboratory Science : theory and practie. Tata Meegram - Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi; 2005.
Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J. Biol. Chem. 1972;247(10):3170-3175.
Aebi H. Catalase In; Methods of enzymatic analysis. Ed. By Hu Bergmeyer, Chemic Academic Press Inc Verlog. 1974;2:673-685.
Marcocci L, Maguire JJ, Droy-Lefany MT, Packer L. The nitric oxide scavenging properties of Ginkobloba extract EGb761. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994;201:748-755.
Varshey Rand Kale RK. Effect of calmodulin antagonist on radiation induced lipid peroxidation in microsomes. Int. J. Rad. Biol. 1990;58:733-743.
Mackays J, Mensah G. The atlas of heart diseases and stroke. World Health Organization. Geneva; 2001.
Konlepu H, Sushama M, Durvasu JB. A comprehensive review of cardioprotective medicinal plants. International Journal of Invention in Pharmaceutical Science. 2014;2(4):793-799.
Nazish J, Khalil-UR-Shoukat A. Cardioprotective and antilipidemic potential of Cyprus rotundas in chemically induced cardiotoxicity. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 2012;14:989-992.
Weiss RB. The anthracycline will ever find a better doxorubicin. Semin. Oncol. 1992;19:670-686.
Jordan MA. Anticancer agents. Curr. Med. Chem 2002;2:1-7.
Gerwitz DA. A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumour effects of the anthracycline antibiotics. Adriamycin and doxorubicin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999;57:727-741.
Munnoti G, Menna P, Salvatorelli E, Cairo G, Ganni L. Anthracyclines; molecular advances and pharmacologic developments in antitumour activity and cardiotoxicity. Pharmacol Rev. 2004;56:185-229.
Takemura G, Fujiwara H. Doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy from the cardiotoxic mechanism to management. Prog. Cardiovascular Disease. 2007;49:330-352.
Kalyanaraman B, Perez-Royes E, Marson RP. Spin-trapping and direct electron spin resonance investigation of the redox metabolism of quinone anticancer drugs. Biochem. Biophysics Acta 1980;630:119-130.
Doroshow JH. Effect of anthracycline antibiotics on oxygen radical formation in rat heart. Cancer Res. 1983;43:460-472.
Singal PK, Segstro RJ, Singh RP, Kutryk MJ. Changes in lysosomal morphology and enzyme activities during one development of Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Can. J. Cardiol. 1985;1: 139-147.
Doroshow JH, Locker GY, Baldinger J, Myers CE. The effect of doxorubicin on hepatic and cardiac glutathione. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol Pharmacol. 1979;26:285-295.
Olson RD, Mac Donald JS, Van Boxtel CJ, Boerth RC, Harbison RD, Slonim AE, Freeman RW, Oates JA. Regulatory role of glutathione and soluble sulfhydryl groups in the toxicity of Adriamycin. J. Exp. Therm. 1980;215:450-454.
Odom AL, Hatiw CA, Stanley JS, Benson AM. Biochemical determinants of Adriamycin toxicity in mouse, liver, heart and intestine. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1992;43:831-836.
Arena E, D’ Alessandro N, Dusonchet L, Goraci M, Rausa L, Sanguedolce R. Repair kinetics of DNA, RNA and proteins in the tissues of mice treated with doxorubicin. Arzneimittel for Schung. 1979;29: 901-902.
Monti E, Prosper E, Supino R, Bottiroli G. Free radical-dependent DNA lesion are involved in the delayed cardiotoxicity induced by Adriamycin in the rat. Anticancer Res. 1995;15:1933-197.
Bristow MR, Sageonar WS, Scott RH, Billingham ME, Bowden RE, Kernoff RS, Snidow GH, Daniels JR. Acute and chronic cardiovascular effect of doxorubicin in the dog: the cardiovascular pharmacology of drug-induced histamine release. J. CardiovascPharmocol. 1980;2:487-515.
Tong J, Gangnly PK, Singal PK. Myocardial adrenergic changes at two stages of heart failure due to Adriamycin treatment in rats. Am. J. Physiol Heart CircPhysiol. 1991;260:909-916.
Bachur NR, Gordon SL, Gee MV. NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase activation of quinine anticancer agents to free radicals. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA. 1979;76:954-957.
Davies KJ, Doroshow JH. Redox cycling of anthracyclines by cardiac mithochondiria I. Anthracydine radical formation by NADH dehydrogenase. J. Biol. Chem. 1986;261:3060-3067.
Vasquez-Vivar J, Montasek P, Hogg N, Masters BS, Pritchard KA Jr, Kalyanaraman B. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase - dependent superoxide generation from Adriamycin. Biochemistry. 1997;36:11293-11297.
Kalivendi SV, Kotamraju S, Zhao H, Joseph J, Kalyanaraman B. Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis is associated with increased transcription of endothelial nitric - oxide synthase.Effect of antiapoptotic antioxidants and calcium. J. Biol. Chem. 2001;276:47266 – 47276.
Kotamraju S, Konorev EA, Joseph J, Kalyanaraman B. Doxorubicin induced apoptosis in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes is ameloriated by nitrone spin traps and ebselen. Role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. J. Biol. Chem. 2000;257:33585-33592.
Kim Y, Ma A, Kitta K, Fitch SN, Ikeda T, Ihara Y, Simon AR, Evans T, Suzuki YJ. Anthracycline induced suppression of GATA-4 transcription factor: implication in the regulation of cardiacmyocyte apoptosis. Mol Pharmacol. 2003;63:368-377.
Lou H, Danelisen I, Singal PK. Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Am J. Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005;288:H1925-H1930.
Aries P, Paradis P, Lefevre C, Schwartz RJ, Nemer M. Essential role of GATA-4 in cell survival and drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Proc. Natl Acad Sci. USA. 2004;101:6975-6980.
Karthik Mohan, Karthika. Cardioprotective effect of the methanolic extract of boiled peanut (Arachis hypogeal) on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutic. 2013;1(4):408-415.
Karunakar Hedge nnd DhruvpatelKeerthi. Evaluation of cardioprotectiveactivity of aqeous extract of Garcinaindicalinn fruit rind. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2015;8(2):107-112.
Nagaraju B, Vidhyadhara S, Aruna Kumarch, Vikas S, Suryanarayanaraju. Evaluation of cardioprotective activity of ethanolic extract of dried leavesof Cinnamomumtamala in rats. International Journal of Biomedical and Advanced Research. 2016;7(4):181-186.
Namratha V, Baobaba SP. A review about the tree of life. International Journal of Advanced Herbal Science and Technology. 2015;1:20-26.
Blomhoff R, Carlsen M, Halvorsen B, Holte K, Bohn S, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Seroo H, Umezomo Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willet W, Phillips K, Jacob D. The total antioxidant content of more than 3,100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used Worldwide. Nut J. 2010;9:3.
Kaur C, Kapoor HC. Antioxidant in fruits and vegetables. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2001;36:703-725.
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