Assessment of Serum Lipid Profile in HIV-AIDS Patients Attending Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital Birnin-Kebbi, Nigeria
F. U. Bunza *
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.
I. Z. Wasagu
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To assess lipid profile among HIV patients on ART, ART-naïve patients and controls in our environment.
Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study of 120 participants consisting of 40 HIV patients on ART, 40 ART-naïve patients and 40 negative controls.
Place and Duration of Study: Antiretroviral Clinic, Sir Yahayya Memorial Hospital, Birnin-Kebbi and Chemical Pathology Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, between March, 2016 and June, 2016.
Methodology: Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) were assayed based on enzymatic methods using SELECTRA XL automated chemistry analyzer with analysis in batches. LDL-c and atherogenic index (AI) was calculated using Friedwald’s formula (LDL-c = TC-(TG/2.2)-HDL-c mmol/L) (Satya, 2011) and TC/HDL-c respectively.
Results: Our result showed that the mean values of TC and HDLc was significantly higher (p<0.01) in HIV patients on ART compared to controls. The serum LDL-c was significantly lower (p<0.05) between patients on ART and controls. AI was significantly lower (p<0.01) in HIV patients on ART compared to controls. There was no statistically significant difference in TC and AI (P>0.05) between ART-naïve HIV-patients and controls. However, statistically significant difference was observed in BMl and LDL-c (P<0.05) in ART-naïve HIV-patients and controls. No statistically significant difference observed in the mean age, TG and LDL-c (P>0.05) between the patients on ART and ART-naïve patients. There was significant increase (P<0.05) in TC, HDL-c, AI and BMl in patients on ART compared to ART-naïve patients.
Conclusions: Our findings indicated that HIV infected patients have a host of variations in their lipid profile compared to HIV negative controls in our environment. The dyslipidemia levels, high LDL-c and TG were found in patients compared to control. ART could have additional advantage of enhancing HDL-c and may be associated with reduced risk for cardiovascular events.
Keywords: HIV-AIDS patients, lipid profile, antiretroviral therapy, Birnin-Kebbi, Nigeria