Evaluating of Cervical Caries and Periodontitis among Drug Abusers in an Iranian Population
Fatemeh Owlia
Department of Oral Medicine, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
Mohammad Hasan Akhavan Karbassi
Department of Oral Medicine, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
Mohammadali Sadeghipour
Yazd Welfare Center, Yazd, Iran.
Asie Behnia *
School of Dentistry, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Drug abuse is a matter socioeconomic problem, also can lead to many oral problems. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of cervical caries, gingivitis and periodontitis and partially dentate conditions among drug addicts in outpatient drug rehab centers in Yazd.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 drug addicts referred to 5 outpatient drug rehab centers in Yazd that were randomly selected. The data were collected through clinical examination and a standard questionnaire. Then analyzed using the chi-square test. Level of statistical significance is: P = .05.
Results: Of 200 addicts who were studied, there were 192 persons were male and 8 were females. Mean age was: 35 ± 15 years, the age range was 20-60 years. Percentages of oral of problem orderly were cervical caries (57%), periodontitis (63%), gingivitis (37%), partially edentulous (43%) and fully edentulous (21%). The most frequent drug abused was opium (91%) and heroin (27%), crystal (16%), hashish (11.5%). Pan (9.5%) and alcohol (8%). According to the chi-square test, there was a statistically significant relationship between age and cervical caries rate (P = .01). There was also a statistically significant relationship between age and periodontal status (P < .001). Relationship between all drugs and periodontal and cervical caries were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between age and edentulous status (P < .001).
Conclusion: The rate of cervical caries, periodontal problems and edentulous states in the addicted groups, are relatively high in comparison with non-addicted societies. Accordingly this indicates a need to implement policies to improve oral and dental awareness and health in drug addicts.
Keywords: Cervical caries, drug-abuse, edentulous gingivitis, periodontitis