Phytochemical and Antiepileptic Activity of the Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Culcasia falcifolia in Pentylenetetrazole Induced Seizure in Mice
A. Gracelyn Portia *
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, P.O.Box – 2500, Eldoret – 30100, Kenya
D. M. Mwaniki
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, P.O.Box 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya.
A. G. M. Ng’wena
Department of Medical Physiology, Maseno University, Maseno – 40105, Kenya.
P. M. Wanjala
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, P.O.Box 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the phytochemicals and the anticonvulsant activity of the ethanol leaf extract of Culcasia falcifolia used in the traditional medical treatment of epilepsy.
Methodology: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocol while the anticonvulsant activity was studied using Pentylenetetrazole in mice.
Result: The preliminary phytochemical screening carried out on the ethanol extract of Culcasia falcifolia revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and glycosides. In the anticonvulsant activity, there was a significant (*p< 0.05, **p<0.01) increase in the mean latency of tonic convulsion (243.72 ± 6.90*, 402.56 ± 5.52**) and significant (*p< 0.05, **p<0.01) decrease in the mean duration of tonic convulsion (192.62 ± 7.72*, 158.99 ± 8.66**) in a dose-dependent manner at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body wt. respectively. The extract at 400 mg/kg body wt. showed 100% protection against mortality.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the ethanol leaf extract of Culcasia falcifolia possesses anticonvulsant activity in PTZ induced seizure in mice.
Keywords: Culcasia falcifolia, phytochemicals, antiepileptic, pentylenetetrazole