Repellent Activity of Piper spp. Leaves Extracts on Rice Ear Bugs (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius) and the Characters of Its Volatile Compounds
Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Rarastoety Pratiwi
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
R. C. Hidayat Soesilohadi
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Efrida Ratnasari Subin
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Sri Wahyuni
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
. Jekli
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Yustina Sri Hartini
Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Paingan Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Intani Quarta Lailaty
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia and Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Rice ear bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius) is still classified as the top of five pests that cause the most losses in rice farming productivity. The attack causes the grain to become empty resulted in reducing the yield of grain up to 40% even to 100%. Betel plants (Genus Piper) are easy to grow and grown by almost all households in Indonesia. Ethnobotany showed that betel is used as one of the insect controllers. This research aimed to study the repellant activities of five species of Piper spp. and their phytochemical composition based on CG-MS chromatograms. Moreover, the active compounds were analyzed in potent plant. The repellant activities of chloroform and methanol extract of P. betle, P. aduncum, P. nigrum, P. longum, and P. crocatum were applied using modified olfactometer, while the phytochemical composition were analyzed using GC-MS. The compounds with insecticidal activity in the potent species were analyzed by the references. The results showed that chloroform extract of P. crocatum was the most potent extract. It contains 28 specific compounds which were not found in other species. Literature studies showed that compounds that had repellent activities are monoterpene and sesquiterpene groups.
Keywords: Rice ear bug, repellent, Piper spp., volatile compounds, biopesticide