In vitro Evaluations of Anodic Spark Deposited AZ91 Alloy as Biodegradable Metallic Orthopedic Implant
Mehdi Razavi *
Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran and Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK 74106, USA and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK 74106, USA.
Mohammadhossein Fathi
Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran and Dental Materials Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Omid Savabi
Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran.
Daryoosh Vashaee
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK 74106, USA.
Lobat Tayebi *
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK 74106, USA and School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Surface treatment of Mg alloys is a major approach for its enhanced use as orthopedic implants. In this paper, the in vitro bioactivity, mechanical stability and cytocompatibility of the AZ91 Mg alloy coated by anodic spark deposition (ASD) method are studied. The cytocompatibility behavior is examined by culturing L-929 fibroblast on the surface of the uncoated and ASD-coated AZ91 Mg substrates. The results showed that the corrosion resistance, in vitro bioactivity, mechanical stability and cytocompatibility of biodegradable Mg alloy were improved by ASD coating. Reduction of the degradation rate by ASD coating not only created a relatively stable interface for the cell adhesion and growth, but also arrested the release of corrosion products to reduce the cytotoxicity, hence, resulting in the enhanced cytocompatibility.
Keywords: Biodegradable magnesium alloy, coating; in vitro evaluations, L-929 fibroblast cells, biomedical applications