Symbiogenesis Driven Biogenesis
Javeed Hussain *
China-UK HUST-RRes Genetic Engineering and Genomics Joint Laboratory, The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China.
Guangyuan He
China-UK HUST-RRes Genetic Engineering and Genomics Joint Laboratory, The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China.
Guangxiao Yang
China-UK HUST-RRes Genetic Engineering and Genomics Joint Laboratory, The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Only seven major endosymbiotic consortia, between the phagotrophic host and respiratory or photosynthetic bacteria, have been identified which were chosen by the processes of symbiogenesis. Symbiogenesis exploited every bit of these consortia and consequently produced a stunning diversity and complexity of eukaryotic life on this planet. Based on an extensive synthesis of literature, this study contemplates the working of symbiogenesis, spanning a time period of around 2 billion years, and its fruits for the eukaryotic world. Endosymbiosis effectively started with perfection in phagotrophy in the ancestors of eukaryotic cells. Phagotrophic internalisation of bacteria produced the chances of endosymbiosis. The rest of the work was accomplished by symbiogenesis. To sustain the respective form of symbiosis, it shuffled, rearranged, and invented new molecular assemblies and remarkably established import and export of proteins across the membranes. This transformation in protein import convened transfer of hereditary information from the symbiont into the host nucleus. Another important role which this process played in the eukaryotic cells is enrichment of cellular heredity in context of membranes. It integrated together the membrane compliments from both members of the endosymbiotic consortia.
Keywords: Endosymbiosis, symbiogenesis, phagotrophy, membrane heredity, protein import, primary plastids, secondary plastids, tertiary plastids, evolutionary ratchet.