Investigation in Minerals Nutrients from Powders Deriving with Leaflets of Moringa oleifera L. and Beans of Vigna unguiculata W. for Fortification of the Flour Processed from New Shoots of Borassus aethiopum M.
Mahan Makado Romuald
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Science, Training and Research Unit of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Konan N’Guessan Ysidor *
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Science, Training and Research Unit of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Sidibe Daouda
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Science, Training and Research Unit of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Coulibaly Adama
Training and Research Unit of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Biego Godi Henri Marius
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Science, Training and Research Unit of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and Department of Public Health, Hydrology and Toxicology, Training and Research Unit of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, BP 34 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate mineral composition in the flour processed from new shoot tubers of Palmyra (B. aethiopum), and the powders of Moringa (M. oleifera) leaflets and Cowpea (V. unguiculata) beans for improving their valorization. Palmyra tubers and Cowpea beans were bought from sedentary saleswomen in the ‟V Baoulé” region in the Centre of Côte d'Ivoire, whereas Moringa leaflets were collected from fields in the same locations. Each vegetable was processed into meal, and then analyzed for mineral determination using energy dispersive spectrophotometry method. This technical revealed eight minerals in the samples assessed. With contents of 258.94 to 2012.35 mg/ 100 g DM, potassium was the major mineral element from overall samples. Furthermore, the Moringa powder was more provided (P‹.001) in calcium (1304.27 mg/ 100 g), potassium (2012.35 mg/ 100 g DM), phosphorous (557.92 mg/ 100 g), magnesium (481.24 mg/100 g), sodium (89.35 mg/100 g), iron (42.59 mg/ 100 g), copper (30.9 mg/ 100 g), and zinc (11.69 mg/ 100 g). Oppositely, the Palmyra flour was lower in minerals contents while the Cowpea powder recorded considerable amounts of minerals, especially for macroelements (15.95 to 1320.91 mg/ 100 d DM). Therefore, the Moringa leaflets and Cowpea beans are significant raw sources of mineral nutrients and could allow fortification of food recipes from Palmyra tubers for resulting in alternatives of food valorization and to address poverty and desert hazards in tropical countries.
Keywords: Palmyra new shoots tubers, Moringa, Cowpea, flour, minerals content