The Challenges Facing in Commercial Biotechnology: Its Position in Egypt and Some African Countries
Ali Mohamed Elshafei *
Department of Microbial Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O.Box: 12622, Egypt.
Rawia Mansour
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Elzhoor Region, P.O.Box: 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Commercialization of biotechnology can be defined as the conversion of new scientific findings, innovations and discoveries in biotechnology through successful companies and firms or the process by which a product or service in biotechnology is introduced into the general market. Many processes such as sales, production, distribution, marketing, and customer support are required to achieve commercial success. This article deals with factors affecting commercialization of biotechnology in competitive countries and position of biotechnology commercialization in many African countries, including Egypt.
Keywords: Biotechnology commercialization, competitive countries, factors affecting, Africa, Egypt