Correction of Soil Acidity in an Organic System of Shadowed Coffee
Victor Casimiro Piscoya *
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Cristiane Maria Gonçalves Crespo
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Renisson Neponuceno de Araújo Filho
Federal University of Tocantins, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, s/n - Zona Rural, CEP 77402-970, Gurupi, TO, Brazil.
Julyane Silva Mendes Policarpo
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Nayane Laisa de Lima Cavalcanti
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Taiza Karla Alves Souza
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Alex Souza Moraes
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Moacyr Cunha Filho
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Gabriel Carlos Moura Pessoa
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Robson Carlos Pereira de Melo
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Rosangela Gomes Tavares
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Thaiana Brunes Feitosa
Federal University Rural of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel of Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Milton Marques Fernandes
Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, CEP 49100-000, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - SE, Brazil.
Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho
Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, CEP 49100-000, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - SE, Brazil.
João Lucas Aires Dias
Federal University of Tocantins, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, s/n - Zona Rural, CEP 77402-970, Gurupi, TO, Brazil.
Luiz Diego Vidal Santos
Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, CEP 49100-000, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - SE, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Through sustainable agriculture it is possible to explore the coffee culture in consortium with native forests in more rugged reliefs, as coffee is a permanent crop in addition to the climatic conditions offered by the swamps that favor its development. Given the above, the present work proposes, based on the acidity results, to quantify the need for correctives in the soil to obtain a better nutritional use offered by agroforestry cultivation of organic coffee in the shade with favorable results to increase productivity and, consequently, the farmer's profit. The research was carried out at the Várzea da Onça farm, in the Yaguara Ecological Complex, located in the municipality of Taquaritinga do Norte, Borborema plateau, in the Agreste Pernambuco mesoregion. Altitude, it is necessary to adopt appropriate management techniques that guarantee production, soil conservation and biodiversity, proposing soil correction to guarantee the ideal nutritional conditions for coffee growth. For this purpose, soil samples were collected in the Top (T), Hillside (E) and Pedimento (P) ranges at depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm when planting shaded coffee and soil samples from Native Forest (MN) preserved and legally protected from the Brejo de Taquaritinga. Active, exchangeable and potential acidity were analyzed, as well as the sum of bases, the potential and effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation and aluminum saturation. The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were tested at 5% by the Tukey test. A potential of the system was found with low to very low natural fertility, with a strongly acidic reaction. Thus, adequate soil management and correction techniques are necessary for the crop to absorb all the nutrients made available by the organic matter present on the surface, concluding that all slopes require liming, the slope of Hillside and Mata Nativa they also need plastering for the culture to develop properly.
Keywords: Soil correction, shaded coffee, marsh altitude